Jejak Kekuasaan Dinasti Fatimiyah: Perebutan Maghribi, Penaklukan Mesir, dan Munculnya Sekte Darazi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59841/al-mustaqbal.v2i2.151Keywords:
Fatimid Dynasty, Maghreb Struggle, Conqest of Egypt, Darazi SectAbstract
The Fatimid Dynasty was an Isma'ili Shia caliphate established in the early 10th century CE, ruling over North Africa and later Egypt. This article examines the legacy of the Fatimid Dynasty, which ruled from 909 to 1171 CE, focusing on their conquest of the Maghreb region and the pivotal takeover of Egypt that marked a significant milestone in their history. Claiming direct descent from Fatimah az-Zahra, the daughter of the Prophet Muhammad, the Fatimids established their capital in Cairo and fostered the growth of Islamic culture and education, including the founding of Al-Azhar University. The article also explores the emergence of the Darazi sect as part of the internal dynamics within Ismaili Shi'ism, which influenced the political and religious landscape of the dynasty. The rise and decline of the Fatimid Dynasty were shaped by both internal challenges and external pressures until its eventual fall in the 12th century. This study provides a comprehensive overview of the political, military, social, and religious aspects that defined the Fatimid Dynasty’s role in Islamic history.
References
Daftary, F. (1990). The Ismailis: Their history and doctrines. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Elad, A. (1993). The conquest of Egypt by Saladin. Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, Third Series, 3(2), 125–143.
Halm, H. (1997). The Fatimids and their traditions in Islam. London: I.B. Tauris.
Hitti, P. K. (2013). History of the Arabs (R. C. L. Yasin & D. S. Riyadi, Trans.; 1st ed.). Jakarta: PT Serambi Ilmu Semesta.
Ibrahim, Q. A., & Saleh, M. A. (2014). Sejarah Islam: Jejak langkah peradaban Islam dari masa Nabi hingga masa kini. Kairo: Mu’assasah Iqra.
Lapidus, I. M. (2014). A history of Islamic societies. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Lev, Y. (1999). Saladin in Egypt. Leiden: Brill.
Nofrianti, M., & Maghfira, S. (2024). Dinasti Fathimiyyah di Mesir (909–1171): Dinasti Syi'ah Ismailliyah. Proceeding Fakultas Ushuluddin, Adab dan Dakwah IAIN Kerinci, 2(1), International Conferences on Islamic Studies (ICIS).
O’Leary, D. L. (1923). A short history of the Fatimid Khalifate. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner and Co.
Setia, S. (2016). Dinasti Fatimiyah: Muncul, perkembangan dan kehancurannya. Jurnal Rihlah, 2(2), 123–135. (Jika ada halaman, mohon tambahkan.)
Sulasman, S. (2013). Sejarah Islam di Asia dan Eropa (dari masa klasik hingga masa modern). Bandung: CV Pustaka.
Usman, A. L. (1976). Ringkasan sejarah Islam. Jakarta: Wijaya.
Walker, P. E. (2002). Exploring an Islamic empire: Fatimid history and its sources. London: I.B. Tauris.
